Hector Berlioz (1803–1869) was one of the most original and influential composers of the Romantic era. His orchestral works are known for their dramatic intensity, unusual orchestration, and innovative structures. Berlioz pushed the orchestra to new expressive limits, often blurring the line between symphony, opera, and program music.

Berlioz's orchestra works include Symphonie fantastique, Harold en Italie, Romeo et Juliette, Les Troyens and La Damnation de Faust.